All babies are different, but most get their first tooth during their first year.

Some babies start earlier, and a few are even born with a tooth. Most begin teething at around 6 months.

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Signs your baby may be teething

Some babies have no problems at all. Others may show signs of discomfort.

You might notice:

• Sore or red gums where the tooth is coming through.
• More dribbling than usual.
• Wanting to chew or bite things.
• Being more unsettled or fretful.
• Not sleeping as well.
• Rubbing their ear or cheek.
• A mild temperature.
• A slightly flushed cheek.
• A mild facial rash from dribbling.

Teething does not usually cause serious illness. There is no strong evidence that teething causes diarrhoea or high fever. If your baby seems very unwell or you are worried, contact your doctor.

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Helping a teething baby feel more comfortable

Teething can be uncomfortable for some babies. Every baby is different, so you may need to try a few things to see what helps.

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Things you can try

Here are a few different things you can try to ease discomfort when teething.

Teething rings

Teething rings give your baby something safe to chew on and can help soothe sore gums.

• Some rings can be cooled in the fridge to make them more soothing.
• Always follow the instructions for chilling.
• Do not put teething rings in the freezer – they can become too hard and damage gums.
• Never tie a teething ring around your baby’s neck – this is a choking risk.

Safe things to chew (from 6 months)

If your baby has started weaning, chewing can help relieve pressure in the gums.

• Offer healthy foods with a soft texture, such as ripe fruit (for example, melon or banana) or well-cooked vegetables cut into appropriate pieces.
• Always supervise your baby while they are eating.
• Avoid rusks and sugary foods – sugar can cause tooth decay, even in baby teeth.

Comfort and reassurance

Simple comfort can make a big difference.

• Cuddling, playing or distracting your baby can help take their mind off the discomfort.
• Gently rubbing their gums with a clean finger may soothe them.

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Preventing 'dribble rash' (irritant contact dermatitis)

Extra dribbling can irritate the skin.

• Gently wipe your baby’s face regularly.
• Keep the skin clean and dry.

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Pain relief for teething

If your baby seems uncomfortable, a sugar-free children’s pain medicine may help.

• Paracetamol can be used from 2 months of age.
• Ibuprofen can be used from 3 months of age, and if your baby weighs more than 5 kg.
• Always follow the dosage instructions on the medicine label for your baby’s age or weight.
• Ask a pharmacist or GP if you are unsure.
• Do not give aspirin to children under 16.

Use medicines only if your baby seems distressed and other comfort measures are not helping.

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What about teething gels?

Teething gels are available, but there is limited evidence that they help with teething pain.

• Try teething rings or appropriate pain relief medicine first.
• If using a gel, choose one made specially for babies and follow the instructions carefully.
• Ask a pharmacist for advice about suitable products.
• Do not use general adult mouth gels.
• Homoeopathic teething products are not recommended, as there is no reliable evidence that they work.

Some gels contain local anaesthetics and may not be suitable for young babies. Always check with a pharmacist before using them.

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Looking after new teeth

As soon as teeth appear:

• Start brushing twice a day with a smear of fluoride toothpaste.
• Avoid sugary drinks and snacks.
• Book your child’s first dental visit.

Healthy baby teeth help with eating, speaking and holding space for adult teeth.

Visit NHS UK for more information about how to help your baby teething.